发布者：吴子龙 所属单位：扶沟县第二高级中学 发布时间：2020-11-19 浏览数( -) 【举报】
考点练 定语从句
关系代词引导的定语从句
1．All of us were so excited at the news ____we’ll go abroad for holidays ___we jumped with joy.
A．that; that B．what; and then C．what; that D．which; so
2．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A．which B．who
C．where D．what
3．The students in Shanghai are using the same textbooks _______ we are now using.
A．as B．that C．which D．whose
4．I’ll never forget the persons and places _______ I visited yesterday.
A．that B．which C．where D．as
5．I can never understand the reason _______ he explained to me.
A．why B．that C．when D．where
6．It’s such a difficult problem _______ nobody can work out.
A．as B．that C．which D．so that
7．Search engines search the Internet based on the key words you type in, and choose such web pages for you ________ contain the words you ask for.
A．where B．who C．which D．as
8．—Who is China’s first UFC champion?
—It is Zhang Weili _______ opponent, Jessica Andrade, was knocked out by her within just 42 seconds.
A．who B．whom C．that D．whose
关系副词引导的定语从句
9．In the middle of the lake _______ a huge island, _______ lives a phantom.
A．lies, where B．locates, where C．stands, in which D．is situated, that
10．We all have times of insecurity in life, _____ there is nothing to do but bravely face the feelings of doubt.
A．which B．when C．where D．that
11．There are hundreds of scenes in English novels _______ characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves _________ mirrors the feelings of the characters.
A．where; that B．that; when C．which; where D．when; which
12．People often turn to china daily.com.cn_____they’ll find valuable information regarding everything they’ll be or are going through.
A．which B．where C．when D．why
13．Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, _________he gave it to his grandson.
A．which B．when C．where D．who
14．Sales director is a position _______ communication ability is just as important as sale skills.
A．which B．that
C．when D．where
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
15．—This is the refrigerator______ we had so much trouble.
—Get someone to repair it .
A．at which B．of which C．with which D．to which
16． ______ is surprising to us is that Tom, for ______ English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.
A．What; whom B．What; whose
C．It; whose D．As; whom
17．Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.
A．neither of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom
18．Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A．on which B．in which C．to which D．with which
19．Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting.
A．to which B．against which C．with which D．for which
20．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky.
A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which
21．The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _____he could see what was going on inside the house.
A．on which B．at which C．through which D．in which
22．--- Why does she always ask you for help?
--- There is no one else _____ , is there?
A．who to turn to B．she can turn to C．for whom to turn D．for her to turn
23．She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than 5 years.
A．with it B．with which C．of it D．of which
1．（2020·江苏省高考真题）Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.
A．whose B．which C．when D．whom
2．（2020·天津高考真题）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．which
3．（2020·天津高考真题）Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
A．which B．when C．where D．who
4．（2015·北京高考真题）Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.
A．which B．that C．when D．where
5．（2016·北京高考真题）I live next door to a couple ________children often make a lot of noise.
A．whose B．why
C．where D．which
6．（2015·四川省高考真题）The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
A．which B．what C．whose D．that
7．（2019·天津高考真题）Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A．why B．where
C．which D．what
8．（2018·天津高考真题）There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in.
A．why B．which C．whom D．where
9．（2011·天津高考真题）The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living．
A．that B．when
C．where D．which
10．（2018·江苏省高考真题Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A．that B．where
C．which D．when
11．（2013·山东省高考真题）There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
A．as B．that
C．when D．where
12．（2014·江西省高考真题）Among the many dangers__________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A．which B．what
C．where D．when
13．（2011·福建省高考真题）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A．which B．where
C．what D．who
14．（2019·江苏省高考真题）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A．which B．what C．when D．that
15．（2015·湖南省高考真题）It is a truly delightful place, ________looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
A．as B．where
C．that D．which
16．（2014·江西省高考真题）It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A．that B．as
C．which D．when
17．（2014·四川省高考真题）By now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.
A．that B．which C．who D．it
18．（2013·福建省高考真题）The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected
A．whose B．that
C．who D．which
19．（2014·湖南省高考真题）I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A．as B．why C．when D．where
20．（2014·安徽省高考真题）The exact year _____ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008．
A．When B．where C．why D．which
1．（2020·天津高三三模）5G is an exciting mobile technology, ________ will give a massive boost to smart cities and vehicles.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
2．（2020·天津高三三模）The middle and high school period is a special one for children, a transition from children to adult, ______ children tend to be rebellious (反抗的).
A．when B．where C．that D．of which
3．（2020·江苏省高三三模）He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment ______ we could never neglect.
A．as B．that C．where D．when
4．（2020·吉林省实验高一期中）He bought a new building _____top is different from those of the others around.
A．what B．which C．that D．whose
5．（2020·江苏省高三模拟）We all have times of insecurity in life, _____ there is nothing to do but bravely face the feelings of doubt.
A．which B．when C．where D．that
6．（2020·天津耀华中学高一月考）There are hundreds of scenes in English novels _______ characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves _________ mirrors the feelings of the characters.
A．where; that
B．that; when
C．which; where
D．when; which
7．（2020·江苏省高三三模）Claims, if any, must be made within 30 days, _____ no claims will be accepted.
A．without which B．for which C．during which D．after which
8．（2020·江苏省扬州中学高三月考）The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study.
A．on which B．about which C．to which D．by which
9．（2020·南昌市实验中学高二月考）They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, ________ was something we had not expected.
A．that B．which
C．it D．what
10．（2020·上海理工大学附属中学高一月考）The reason _______ he was fired was _______ he was often late with his work.
A．which; that B．that; because C．why; because D．why; that
11．（2020·天水市第一中学高一开学考试）They will fly to South Africa, ______ they plan to stay for half a month.
A．when B．where C．there D．which
12．（2020·甘肃省兰州一中高二月考）By 16:30, ______ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
A．which B．when C．what D．that
13．（2020·甘肃省兰州一中高二月考）I have never been to London, but it is the place ________.
A．where I would like to visit B．I most want to visit
C．in which I want to visit D．that I want to visit it most
14．（2020·甘肃省兰州一中高二月考）Cancer has become the top killer ________ I think threatens the health of millions of people.
A．that B．of which C．不填 D．Both A and C
15．（2020·江苏省高三月考）—Have you heard that our primary school will be torn down next year?
—Really? I suppose it is such bad news ________ most of its former and present students will feel upset about.
A．that B．which C．as D．what
16．（2020·江苏省海安高级中学高三月考）Dozens of individuals were given the highest state honors in the grand ceremony, all of ______ have made outstanding contributions to our nation.
A．whom B．who C．which D．them
17．（2020·江苏省高三二模）Currently AI is used mostly in the tech industry, ________ it has created efficiencies and produced new products and services.
A．when B．about which C．where D．of which
18．（2020·黑龙江省大庆实验中学高一期中）Tang said that at the beginning of the outbreak of the virus, there was a time ________ they had two or three deaths at the hospital every day, ________deeply worried medics.
A．that; that B．which; when C．when; which D．which; which
19．（2018·河北省秦皇岛一中高二月考）Luckily, we’d brought a road map without _____ we would have lost our way.
A．it B．that C．this D．which
20．（2020·天水市第一中学高一开学考试）This phrase doesn’t just describe work, but can describe any situation ______ someone is very busy.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
考点练
1．A
【解析】考查名词性从句和定语从句的用法。句意：当听到我们将去国外度假的消息时，我们大家都如此的兴奋，以至于都欢呼雀跃起来。第一空，这个消息就是即将去国外度假这件事情，它们之间是同位语关系，故用that引导同位语从句。而我们欢呼雀跃的目的是去度假这件事情。第二空考查so … that …“如此……以至于……”。所以用that引导定语从句。故选A。
2．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住所。将先行词people代入定语从句后为：people urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive，可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除C项；what不能引导定语从句，故排除D项；因为先行词为“人”，所以排除A项。故答案为B项。
3．A
【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：上海的学生使用的教科书和我们现在使用的一样。分析句子结构可知，“we are now using”在句中作定语，修饰名词textbooks，先行词textbooks在定语从句中作宾语，textbooks前由the same修饰，需用关系代词as。故选A。
4．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我将永远不会忘记我昨天去拜访的人和参观的地方。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词the persons and places在从句中充当宾语，应用关系代词，又先行词有人又有物，应用关系代词that，故选A项。
5．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我不明白他向我解释的原因。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词reason在从句中充当explain的宾语，应用关系代词which/that，故选B项。
6．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个没人可以算出来的困难问题。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词为problem，被such修饰，且在从句中充当宾语，应用关系代词as，故选A项。
7．D
【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：搜索引擎根据你输入的关键词搜索互联网，并为你选择出包含你要求的关键词的网页。在定语从句中，当先行词前有such, the same修饰时，关系代词用as, 句中web pages为先行词，前有such修饰，故选D项。
8．D
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：——谁是中国第一个UFC（无限制格斗）冠军？——是张伟丽，张伟丽的对手杰西卡·安德拉德在42秒内被她击倒。名词Zhang Weili后接一个定语从句，先行词是Zhang Weili，指人，在从句中做名词opponent的定语，所以用关系代词whose。故选D项。
9．C
【解析】考查倒装句和定语从句。句意：湖中央有一个巨大的岛屿，里面住着一个幽灵。A. lies位于；B. locates使·····安置于；位于；C. stands位于（某处）；D. is situated；situate使位于。表示方位的介词短语In the middle of the lake位于句首，句子需要半倒装。分析句子成分可知，分句“_______ lives a phantom.”修饰前边的名词island，且有逗号，因此是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除D；又因先行词island在从句中作主语，where引导定语从句在从句中作状语，也可用介词in + which。故排除A，B。C项符合句意和语法。故选C。
10．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在生活中，我们都有心神不定的时候，那时我们什么都不能做，只能面对那种怀疑的感觉。A. which关系代词；B. when关系副词；C. where关系副词；D. that关系代词。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词times在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B项。
11．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在英文小说中，有数百个场景中，人物走过一片落叶的风景，这反映了人物的情感。分析可知，第一个空所在句“_______ characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves”应为之前名词“scenes（场景）”的定语从句，先行词在从句中担当地点状语，即还原从句为：characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves in the scenes(人物在场景中走过一片落叶), 因此应用关系副词where。第二个空所在句“_________ mirrors the feelings of the characters.”为之前名词短语fallen leaves(落叶)的定语从句，先行词在从句中担当主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故选A项。
12．B
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：人们经常访问中国日报网，他们从中可以找到有关他们将会或正在经历的一切有价值的信息。分析句子可知，china daily.com.cn是先行词，指地点，后接一个定语从句，且定语从句中不缺少句子成分，在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故选B项。
13．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年代初，他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the early 1990 s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导，故选B。
14．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：销售经理是一个交流能力和销售技巧同样重要的职位。本题定语从句的先行词是a position，后面的定语从句communication ability is just as important as sales skills句子结构很完整，故使用关系副词来引导。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故D正确。
15．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——这就是我们那台老是出问题的冰箱。——找人修一下。短语have trouble with sth,在某事上有麻烦。先行词refrigerator在定语从句中作have trouble with的宾语，所以定语从句的关系代词which之前要加上介词with。故选C。
16．A
【解析】试题分析：句意：让我们惊讶的是汤姆对他来说英语曾经是枯燥的，现在可以流利的说英语好像是英国本土的人。通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个主语从句，和一个非限制性定语从句。且引导词在主语从句中作主语，表示“什么”的含义，故用what。介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，定语从句的主语是English，这里表示“对于某人来说”，需要for的宾语，指人只能用whom。选A。
考点：主语从句和定语从句的考查
17．D
【解析】考查代词和定语从句。句意：上周，只有两个人来看这所房子，他们都不想买。分析句子，前句提到“two people”表示两个人，故排除C项，none指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除A和B项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一，连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为 two people ，作of的宾语。关系代词为whom。故选D项。
18．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：公司应该了解他们所面临的风险，并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子，此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”，根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to，是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
19．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子，此处考查介词加关系代词时，介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”，根据句意译为“为…...奋斗”为fight for，是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。
20．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我哥哥买了一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究夜空中的星星。介词through 表示“通过/凭借（某种方式/方法）”；短语through the telescope意思为“通过望远镜”。分析句子结构，“______ he could study the star in the night sky是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a telescope，指物，作介词through的宾语，因此用“介词through+which”引导非限制性定语从句。故选B项。
21．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上打了个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事。本句是非限制性定语从句。其中a hole是先行词，根据语意可知，是指男孩通过这个洞可看到房子里正在发生的事。即through a hole。其中的a hole是先行词，指物，即through which。which指代的是hole，因此通过这个洞，要用介词through，其它介词in /on /at都不对。故选C。
22．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——为什么她总是向你寻求帮助？——这儿没有她能寻求帮助的其他人，不是吗？本题答句省略了that，完整的答句应该是there is no one else （that） she can turn to，is there？ 而turn to sb也是固定搭配，意为“向某人寻求帮助” 。而这里的“sb”就是指前面的no one。故选B项。
23．D
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：她带参观者参观了博物馆，其建设工期花了5年多的时间。分析句子可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，其先行词是museum，在从句中做宾语，且与construction之间是所属关系。故应用of which。结合选项，故选D。
拓展练
1．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
2．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。
3．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年代初，他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the early 1990 s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故选B。
4．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那儿你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句，先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语，用where。故选D。
5．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。
【点睛】
定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）。
1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由等的名词，在从句中作状语。
例如：An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.
The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略（非限制性定语从句中不可省略）。
例如：I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.
The suit (which / that) the tailor made for me doesn’t fit me.
3. 非限制性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that和关系副词why不可用于非限制性定语从句。
4. 作介词宾语的关系代词
在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词的宾语，即“介词+关系代词whom/which”，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。
例如：The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.
Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.
The room in which my family live used to be a garage.
6．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。分析句子可知，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词为whose。故选C项。
7．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
8．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：接待处前排起了常常的队伍，每个人都在登记。分析句子的可知，the reception desk为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选D项。
【点睛】
定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
分析句子的可知，the reception desk为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选D项。
9．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：身体就是你生存的本钱的日子已经过去了。physical strength was all you needed to make a living是the days 的定语从句，不缺少主干成分，先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用when来引导。故选B。
10．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
11．A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：科学往往如此，它没有一个简单的答案。本题考查定语从句。设空处前有逗号，故判断设空处引导非限制性定语从句。空格处的引导词在从句中作主语，排除C、D两项；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。
12．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在水手不得不面对的许多危险中，可能最大的是雾霾。由句子意思可分析出，sailors have to face作定语，修饰先行词the many dangers，且从句缺少宾语（face...），要用关系代词。因此A选项正确。
【点睛】
本题考查定语从句中which的用法，which所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等也就是说做题时要注意句子中是否缺少主语。宾语等成分，然后判断关系代词，学生要注意分析定语从句在不同情况下的应用，才能面对更多的题型。
13．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她具有给学生创造一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“________allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以须用关系代词which，故选A项。
14．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
15．D
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语，所以用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。故选D
考点：考查定语从句关系代词。
【名师点睛】
本题旨在考查定语从句中的关系词，要求学生掌握在什么情况下用关系副词，什么情况下用关系代词以及各自的意义。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
16．D
【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：我父亲半夜叫醒我，告诉我去看足球比赛。 my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the middle of the night，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选D。
17．B
【解析】试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了五万英镑，这一点是完全没有预料到的。本句中的关系代词which指代前面主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；who的先行词必须是人；it不能引导定语从句。故B正确。
18．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意为：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。本题的先行词是those表示人，定语从句的主语是lives，与先行词构成所属关系，所以应使用关系代词whose引导。故选A项。
19．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读并理解我对她的感情的那一天。先行词是the day，后面的定语从句结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词when在句中做时间状语，同时引导这个定语从句。故C正确。
20．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：安哥拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。 Angela and her family spent together in China”是定语从句，修饰先行the exact year，空处所填词在从句中作spend的宾语，故用关系代词which。故选D。
模拟练
1．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：5G是一项令人兴奋的移动通讯技术，它将极大地推动智能城市和汽车的发展。5G作为先行词是一个事物，定语从句中又缺主语并且前还有逗号，所以不能用that，只能用关系代词which。故此题选D。
2．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中学时期对孩子来说是一个特殊的时期，它是孩子向成人的过渡时期，在这个时期里孩子比较容易叛逆。本句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词one，指代period，表示时间，在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when。故选A。
3．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他指出有关实验的这样一个我们绝不能忽视的关键细节。根据句意判断先行词为a crucial detail在定语从句中作neglect的宾语，且先行词被such修饰，故用关系代词as。故选A项。
4．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他买了一幢新楼，它的顶部和周围其他的不同。句中包含定语从句，先行词是building，_____top is different from those of the others around是定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作top的定语，指楼的顶部，用关系代词whose引导。故选D。
5．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在生活中，我们都有心神不定的时候，那时我们什么都不能做，只能面对那种怀疑的感觉。A. which关系代词；B. when关系副词；C. where关系副词；D. that关系代词。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词times在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B项。
6．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在英文小说中，有数百个场景中，人物走过一片落叶的风景，这反映了人物的情感。分析可知，第一个空所在句“_______ characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves”应为之前名词“scenes（场景）”的定语从句，先行词在从句中担当地点状语，即还原从句为：characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves in the scenes(人物在场景中走过一片落叶), 因此应用关系副词where。第二个空所在句“_________ mirrors the feelings of the characters.”为之前名词短语fallen leaves(落叶)的定语从句，先行词在从句中担当主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故选A项。
7．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：如有索赔，必须在30天内提出，逾期不接受任何索赔。分析句子结构可知，该句逗号之后为定语从句，与前一句有修饰或补充作用，其前主句中30 days为先行词，在后面的定语从句中做介词的宾语，再根据句意可知，其后的定语从句中应用after which，意为“在此之后/ 逾期”，故选D。
8．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课，学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system，且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”，表示“借助”应用介词by，做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。
9．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们克服了一些困难，提前完成了工作，这是我们没有预料到的。此句的先行词为前面的整个句子，指“他们克服了一些困难，提前完成了工作”这件事，从句缺少主语，指物，应该用which。故选B。
10．D
【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他被解雇的原因是他经常工作迟到。
名词reason作先行词，在后面的定语从句中做原因状语，由why引导定语从句；名词reason作主语，后面的表语从句句意和句子结构完整，所以由that引导表语从句。故选D。
11．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们将飞往南非，计划在那里停留半个月。分析句子可知，空后面的句子为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词South Africa，关系词在从句中作地点状语。故选B。
12．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：到16:30，也就是快关门的时候，几乎所有的画都卖完了。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。when为关系副词；what不能引导定语从句；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。
13．B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我从未去过伦敦，但它是我最想去的地方。分析句子可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词为the place，从句visit后缺少宾语，所以place作visit宾语，所以关系代词为which或that，且都可以省略。故选B。
14．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我认为癌症已经成为威胁数百万人健康的头号杀手。分析句子可知，I think 为插入语，可暂且不管；这是一个定语从句，且先行词是top killer，从句中缺主语，故可用that或which。结合选项，故选A。
15．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——有没有听说我们的小学明年要被拆除了？——是吗？我想大多数以前和现在的学生知道这个坏消息都会感到伤心难过的。第二个句子中依照句子中的“such”一词可以判定出后面是接“that”或“as”；接着判断后面的句子是否完整，很明显后面的句子“most of its former and present students will feel upset about.”中about后面没有宾语，故只能用as充当宾语成分从而构成定语从句来修饰前面的“news”一词。如果在后一句中about后接了宾语则需要考虑为“such…that”的结果状语从句，故C项正确。
16．A
【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：好几十个人在那场盛大的典礼上给予了最高的国家荣誉——他们都为我们国家贡献了非常卓越的成就。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句的时候，做介词of的宾语且指代人的时候，必须用whom，不能用who，故选C。
17．C
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：目前，人工智能主要用于科技行业，它提高了效率，产生了新产品和服务。根据it has created efficiencies and produced new products and services可知此句是一个非限制性定语从句，且主谓宾结构完整，缺少状语成分，由先行词是the tech industry，可知此处要用关系副词where，且where在定语从句中作地点状语。故选C项。
18．C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：唐说，在病毒爆发之初，有一段时间医院每天有2例或3例死亡，这让医生们深深地担忧。第一个空time是先行词，在定语从句中做时间状语，第二个空指代的是前面的医院每天死亡2人或3人，这件事令人担忧，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，缺少主语，不能用that，只能用which。故选C。
19．D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，我们带了一张路线图，没有它我们就会迷路。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词road map，做介词without的宾语，且指代物品应用关系代词which。故选D。
20．A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个短语不仅可以用来描述工作，还可以用来描述某人非常忙的任何情况。分析句子可知，空后面为限定性定语从句，修饰先行词situation，关系词在从句中做地点状语。故选A。