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过去完成进行时；进行时态和非进行时态

Step 1: 语法感知

Ⅰ.课文原句感知

1.One unfortunate counter agent was dealing with all the passengers when an angry man，who had been queuing for some time，pushed his way to the front.

2.This afternoon，I was in the town centre，where I had been doing some shopping.

3.One afternoon，hundreds of unlucky passengers who had been expecting to board a flight to New York were told it had been cancelled

4.His arms were sunburnt because he had been sitting in the sun all day.

5.So，after he had been feeling depressed for over a month，he decided to go to the doctor.

Step 2:  过去完成进行时

一、过去完成进行时的构成

过去完成进行时是由“had been＋现在分词”构成。

Had they been expecting the news for some time?

他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧？

二、过去完成进行时的用法

1.过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到另一过去时间。动作是否继续下去，要由上下文而定。与过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也必须以过去某一时间为前提。

 I had been looking for it for days before I found it.

这个东西，我找了很多天才找着。

The telephone had been ringing for three minutes before it was answered.电话铃响了三分钟才有人接。

2.与过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时可后接具有“突然”意义的when从句(有些从句用一般过去时)。

I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in.

我刚看了几分钟书他就进来了。

She had only been studying her lesson for ten minutes when her little sister interrupted her.

她温习功课不过十分钟，她的小妹妹就把她打断了。

 过去完成进行时和过去完成时的比较：

She had been cleaning the office，so we had to wait outside.

她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。(强调动作一直在进行)

She had cleaned the office，so it was very tidy.

她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。(强调结果)

.进行时态和一般时态

一、进行时常常在以下几种情况下使用：

1.动作正在发生或进行，还没有完成

The little girl was having lunch.那个小女孩正在吃午饭。

The little girl had lunch.那个小女孩吃过午饭了。

2.动作是发生在某段时间内的，而不是永久的

They were living on the hill these days.这几天他们住在山上。

They lived on the hill.他们住在山上。(永久性的)

注意：

表示心理活动的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有love，like，hate，know，understand，realize，remember，believe，want hope，wish，need，agree等。

She understands you better now.她现在更理解你了。

2.表示属性或拥有的动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词(短语)有have，own，possess，belong to，have on，consist of等。

This dictionary belongs to Peter.这本字典是彼得的。

3.表示感官的连系动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有seem，appear，look，sound，taste等。feel用于进行时态表示一时的感觉。

The music sounds beautiful.这首曲子听起来很美。

I’m not feeling well today.我今天感觉不适。

4.表示行为结果的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有accept，admit，receive，allow，decide，promise等。

I accept your advice.我接受你的建议。

二、一般时态表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，强调长期性、稳定性；而进行时指一段时期内正在进行的动作，强调暂时性、不稳定性。

As a high school student，I often get up at 6：00 am and go to school at 6：30 am.作为一名高中生，我经常早上6点起床，6点半去上学。

The boy read a novel last night.昨晚这男孩读了一本小说。

The boy was reading a novel last night.昨晚这男孩一直在读一本小说。

Step 3 :拓展运用(.合并句子)

1．We made bikes for 10 years.  The electric bikes appeared.

2．I learnt English for three  years. And then I went to London.

3．I waited for you for half  an hour. But you didn’t appear at all.

4．They lived in this city for  ten years. They had to leave there last month.

5．Mr. Zhang was writing a book.  He had no time to travel to Sanya.