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学设计                                                                                                             备课组：高二英语组      

高二英语语法复习                                             主备人：黄彩菊

        课题 定语从句The Attributive Clause (一)

一、Contents and Analysis教学内容及解析

1. Contents内容：复习定语从句以及如何正确选出关系词

        2. Analysis解析：定语从句是高中英语学习的重点和难点，也是高考考查的热点，通常放在阅读理解、语法填空和短文改错中进行考察。高中阶段定语从句知识点被安排在人教版必修一第四、五单元和必修二第一单元。掌握它的使用对学生有非常重要的意义。此知识点分为三个课时来复习，本课时为第一课时，主要是复习定语从句关系词的基本用法以及2个高频考点。         

二、Teaching aims教学目标

1.语言知识目标：复习定语从句的结构并掌握关系词的正确选用。

2.语言技能目标：能够在具体语境中熟练使用定语从句。

3.情感态度目标: 在学习中培养合作精神，培养学生的探究思维。

三、Teaching important and difficult points 教学重点和难点

1.教学重点：定语从句如何选择关系词代词和关系副词，以及that、which的用法区别。

2.教学难点：关系代词和关系副词的选择以及熟练运用定语从句。

四、教学思路及问题诊断

    本节课从从复习定语从句基础知识出发，找出定语从句关系词选择的做题规律并总结易错点。之后，通过层层递进的练习设计，以学习小组为单位进行合作探究，使学生为了完成共同的任务“动起来”，在自主探究的基础上，充分展示自己的思维并相互进行交流，把小组中的不同思路进行优化整合，使个人独立思考的成果转化为全组共有的成果，以群体智慧来互助解决问题，使每一个学生积极参与到课堂学习过程中来，使学生走向主动学习，达到把方法技巧熟练地运用于高考语法填空，短文改错及书面表达中。在教学过程中，学生可能会在以下两个环节的学习中出现障碍：

    1.学生在总结规律时可能会遇到困难，原因是①这个语法项目是高一学过的内容，在平时的练习中也经常接触，但由于时间间隔长，所以某些语法点可能有点模糊。②学生基础薄弱，学习英语的兴趣不足，针对这个问题，通过引入学生感兴趣的话题，编写实例，激发学生学习热情，观察并总结得出规律。

   2. 学生在运用规律时可能会遇到困难，原因是平时学习不注重方法的总结，如：不注意观察、分类和对比等，为了突破这一障碍，以学生小组合作讨论，兵教兵、兵练兵的形式，让学生提高观察、总结、对比并能熟练运用规律的能力。

五、Teaching aids技术支持

多媒体辅助教学

六、Basic procedure of teaching教学基本流程

七、Teaching procedure教学过程

Ⅰ 预习导学 (Before-learning)：

Task1: 分析下列句型，并总结

1.       You must do everything that I do.(Book1 unit4)

2.       The reason why I got a job was my hard work. (Book1unit5)

3.       Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.(Book1unit4)

4.       The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. (Book1unit5)

5.       Another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. (Book1unit4)

6.       The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. (Book1unit5)

7.       The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.(Book1unit4)

8.       This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.(Book2 unit1)

总结：在复合句中，用来修饰名词和代词_的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰词叫_先行词, 用来引导定语从句的关联词叫关系词/引导词。可分为关系代词和关系副词。定语从句分为限制性定语从句____和__非限制性定语从句。

Task2：填写下列表格

归纳：关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有：that, which, who , whom, whose   关系副词有：when, where, why

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别

[设计意图] 课前通过课文原句，回归教材，让学生复习定语从句的定义、种类及关系词的基本用法，为本节课做好铺垫。

Ⅱ 问题引领，知识探究 （Question-inquiry）

Step1: Lead-in.

Show some pictures related with students’ daily life and prepare for the introduction to the Attributive Clause.

[设计意图] 通过与学生生活有关的一些图片导入本堂课，激起学生学习的兴趣并引入定语从句的基本概念。

Step2: Discussion and cooperation

探究活动1关系代词和关系副词的判定

[典例1]

(1).This is the factory _______made cars .

     (2).This is the reason _______ he was late for school.

 解:(1).先将先行词the factory 还原到从句中the factory made cars.  the factory 做从句的主语，故填关系代词that或which，做主语时不能省略。

(2).定语从句he was late for school 表达意思相对完整，所以用关系副词why 或介词+关系代词for which

[典例2]

    (1). This is the house __________the teacher wanted to buy.

      (2). This is the house ___________a fire broke out last year.

解:(1).先将先行词the house还原到从句中The teacher wanted to buy the house .句子完整, the house 作buy 的宾语,故填which或that,或省略.

(2).The house 还原到从句中A fire broke out the house last year. 句子有误,broke out是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上in,句子才完整.而in the house 在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where 或in which.

[设计意图] 通过设计编写学生易出错点的实例，让学生对比，发现选择关系代词和关系副词的规律。通过学生展讲，充分展示学生思维，并通过其他同学补充、纠错，达到以群体智慧来互助解决问题的目的。

[变式内化1]

1.The man 　who/that　is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 

2.Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in. 

3.The days which/that　I spent together with her are really unforgettable. 

4.This is the theatre where we’ll visit a well-known pianist.

5.The reason why　the girl was absent is that her grandmother was ill.  

6. I shall never forget the days _which_ I spent in that factory.

  I shall never forget the days when I worked in that factory.

7. This is the farm that I visited two years ago.
This is the farm _where_ I stayed two years ago.

做题技巧：三步法：1.找：先行词   2.带： 把先行词带到定语从句中  3.判断： 判断先行词在定语从句中做什么成分，确定关系词。                                                                      

[设计意图] 通过设计编写以上学生易出错的几个练习题，让学生训练达到及时内化和巩固。

探究活动2只用that 和只用which 的情况

[典例3]

1. This is all A I know about the matter.

    A. that        B. what        C. who        D. whether

2. Is there anything else _B_ you require?

   A. which     B. that          C. who        D. what

3. The last place  B we visited was the Great Wall.

   A. which     B. that          C. where      D. whose

4. Which is the book  C  you like best?

A. which      B. what       C. that         D. where

5. This is the best way  A   has been used against pollution.

    A. that        B. which         C. where        D. why

6. He talked happily about the men and books  B  interested him greatly in the school.

    A. which      B. that           C. who          D. whom

Conclusion: 只用 that  的情况:

l  当先行词是 all, much , little ,few, something, anything , everything ,none, nothing ,等不定代词或是被不定代词修饰时。

l  当先行词有the only, the same, the very, the last等限定词修饰时。

l  主句是以who 或是which 开头的特殊疑问句时。

l  当先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或是被序数词或是被形容词的最高级修饰时

l  先行词同时是人又是物时。

7. The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes it possible for plants to grow.

8. The factory in which_ we used to work has been closed down.

Conclusion: 只用 which   的情况:

①在非限制性定语从句中②在介词后面                                      

[设计意图] 通过小组合作讨论实例和题组的形式，激发学生做题的兴趣，提高学生观察、总结、对比并能熟练运用规律的能力，达到在学生自主探究的基础上，相互交流，把小组中的不同个人思路进行优化整合，使个人成果转化为全组共有的成果的目的。

[变式内化]

单句改错

1.The house in that we live is very small.

2.Who is the man who has white hairs?

3. This is the most interesting film which I have seen.

4. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.

5. I have read all the books which I borrowed from the library.

Answer: 1.that-which    2. 第二个who改为that  3.which-that   4. that-which    5. which-that

[设计意图] 通过设计编写以上5个练习题，让学生训练达到及时内化和巩固。

Ⅲ 目标检测  (Test for goals)

  用适当的关系词填空

1. I live in Beijing, which is the capital ofChina. 

2. I have a good friend whose name is Liu Mei.

3. I also enjoyed the evenings that/which/省略we spent together.  

4. The dishes that/which I cooked were Mom’s favorite. .

5. In other places you are limited to a certain number, of which some may be novels.

6. My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter.(2016全国卷II)

7. Simon is a comedian and actor who/that has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy.（2016年全国卷II）

8. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.（2016全国卷II）

[设计意图] 用高考模拟题组，由简入难，检测学生对本节知识的掌握情况和复习效果。

Ⅳ 小结 （Summary）

What have you learnt in this class?

[设计意图] 让学生自我小结，自我反思，查缺补漏。

Ⅴ 分层配餐 (Assignment)

Group A 用适当的关系词形式填空(高考真题)

1.Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.

2.Many young people, most of whom were well－educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

3.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which  has been proved.

4.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C, influenced the development of chopsticks.

5.When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant beating out Miller King, who was the best player at our school.

6.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.

7.I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.

Group B  单句改错

1.This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch which Tom is looking for it.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.

6. It is known to all, the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.
7. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
8. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.
9. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
10. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.

Answer:   1.where-that/which  2.去掉it  3.who-whom  4. that-which   5.that-which   

6.It-As   7. That-which     8. which-why   9. wants-wants    10. his-whose

Group 语法填空:

There was a time 1when  I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this was the reason 2 why my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club, 3 where I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide, 4 whose teacher was Yu Minhong, communicated with me face-to-face, from 5 which I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6 which/that  we did. I should be grateful to my father and the guide, 7 who encouraged me to fall in love with English. Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into 8 which I put my entire energy. Every day I read my words and passages aloud. In class I join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through 9 which  I can memorize a large number of new words. 10 As our English teacher says, “As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later.”

附：

Blackboard Design板书：

The   Attributive   Clause

1.  如何选择关系代词和关系副 词   

 2.  只用that不用which，只用which不用that情况