提交者:学员朱琳所属单位:市一中提交时间: 2019-07-03 20:03:18 浏览数( 1 ) 【举报】

Unit 1 Great scientist

第一部分
About the topic and the structures 单元话题和结构	本单元的话题是“伟大的科学家”，介绍了西方历史上的两位科学家。本单元句法项目是“过去分词作定语和表语”。题解：科学家是专门从事科学研究的人士，包括自然科学家和社会科学家这两大类，凡可以称之为科学家的都是一些成功人士，如：牛顿、哥白尼等。教学设计在单元课时划分上与课本保持一致，即“阅读课、知识课、运用课三课时/三课型划分”。但在实际教学过程中，我们建议教师依据学生基础、教学条件、学校安排的因素，对课本、对教学设计重新划分课时、裁剪、拼接使用我们提供的材料，以便“物尽所用”，达到最佳教学效果。教师也可以参照我们提出的“实际教学过程课时划分建议”进行教学。
Period 1 Reading 阅读课	Warming Up 部分教师可以选择“定义”、“谈论”和“问答”形式激发背景知识、为其后的阅读作好词语、结构和心理的准备。 Reading是篇记叙文，记叙John snow 战胜霍乱的过程。教师引导学生进行如下活动：Listening and reading aloud，Reading and underlining，Reading to finish the table below，Making a diagram of the text JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”，Retelling the text in your own words with the help of the diagram above. 背景：霍乱是由霍乱弧菌所致的烈性肠道传染病，临床上以剧烈无痛性泻吐，米泔样大便，严重脱水，肌肉痛性痉挛及周围循环衰竭等为特征，解放后我国已消灭本病，但国外仍有不断发生和流行。
Period 2 Learning about language 知识课	Learning about language和课本一样，也分两部分：词法和句法。教师可以按照我们如下设计授课： Warming up by interviewing John Snow，Learning about The Participle，Discovering words and expressions，Discovering useful structures，Closing down by reading and copying。
Period 3 Using language 运用课	Using language 教师可以灵活使用我们提供的教学设计：Warming up by looking and listening，Listening and answering，Discussing future jobs，Reading and copying，Summing up theories，Writing a letter to Copernicus。补充：钱学森是中国现代物理学家、世界著名火箭专家，为中国火箭和导弹技术的发展提出了极为重要的实施方案。然后是围绕哥白尼的读、写活动。哥白尼在他的伟大著作《天体运行论》中正确地论述了地球绕其轴心运转；月亮绕地球运转；地球和其他所有行星都绕太阳运转的事实。
实际教学过程课时划分建议
Period 1	将Warming Up、 Pre-reading、Reading和Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。
Period 2	将Learning about language 和Workbook中的 USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS、USING STRUCTURES 整合在一起上一节“语言知识课”。
Period 3	将Using language 设计为一节包括听说读写单项技能或组合技能训练的“综合技能课（一）”。
Period 4	将Workbook 的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一节“听说课”。
Period 5	将Workbook 的LISTENING TASK、READING AND WRITING TASK和 SPEAKING TASK整合为一节“综合技能课（二）”。
第二部分
教学资源说明
Section 1 Background 背景	围绕单元话题“伟大的科学家”我们提供了若干实用性背景材料。这些材料既可以作为教师教学参考材料为教师所用，也可以直接或改写、重组后作为课堂内外的拓展性阅读材料呈现给学生。
Section 2 Explanation 解析	重点针对“阅读课型”中的课文难句，我们提供了详尽的，就句论句的解析和翻译，并且以解析的焦点话题为线索，进行了一定的归纳、辨析和总结，以帮助教师更好地实施“语言形式”的教学。
Section 3 Vocabulary 词汇	按照课本单元词汇表顺序，我们重点提供动词、短语搭配的讲解。所提供的例句，经典、地道、实用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教学。
第三部分
教学测评说明
围绕单元词法、句法项目，我们提供了长短不一的“单元教学测评”，并备有参考答案供教师使用。有些测评题目直接源于历年高考试卷，更具有说服力和实用性。

Part 1 Teaching Design

第一部分 教学设计

Period 1 A sample lesson plan for reading

(JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”)

Introduction

In this period, after the warming up, students will first be guided to share opinions on proving a new idea. Then they will be helped to read a narration about John Snow fighting cholera. They shall learn the text by reading and underlining, reading to finish the table, making a diagram of the text JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” and retelling the text in their own words with the help of the diagram above.

Objectives

■ To help students learn to describe people

■ To help students learn to read a narration about John Snow

■ To help students better understand “Great scientists”

■ To help students learn to use some important words and expressions

■ To help students identify examples of “The Past Participle (1) as the Predicative & attribute” in the text

Focus

Words

conclude, analyze, repeat, defeat, attend, expose, cure, control, absorb, pump, blame, handle, announce, instruct, contribute, spin, reject

Expressions

put forward, draw a conclusion, in addition, link…to…, apart from…, be strict with…, lead to, make sense, point of view

Patterns

But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people…

So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.

He determined to find out why.

It seemed the water was to blame.

Aids

Multimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams

Procedures

1. Warming up

⑴Warming up by defining

Good morning, class. I am glad to see you on this special day, the day when you become a senior two student. I am happy to be your teacher of English.

Today we are going to read about a certain scientist. But first let’s define the word “scientist”. What is a scientist?

Scientist

A scientist is a person who works in science, trying to understand how the universe or other things work.

Scientists can work in different areas of science. Here are some examples: Those that study physics are physicists. Those that study chemistry are chemists. Those that study biology are biologists.

⑵Warming up by asking and answering questions about science

To begin with, work in groups of four and find out as many scientists as possible and their contributions. They can be both Chinese and foreign scientists, living or dead.

Scientists	Contributions
Madame Curie	radium/ radioactivity
Sir Isaac Newton	the Theory of Gravity
Albert Einstein	the secrets of the atom and of the universe the Theory of Relativity
Thomas Einstein	electric light bulb
Charles Darwin	the Theory of Evolution The Origin of Species
Stephen Hawking	black holes A Brief History of Time
Zhang Heng	the earliest seismograph
Yuan Longping	Agriculture (Father of Hybrid Rice)
Qian Xuesen	China’s aerospace (Father of the Chinese space programme)
Alexander Fleming	penicillin
Alexander Graham Bell	first telephone call
John Baird	invent television
Ray Tomlinson	first e-mail message
Galileo Galilei	his famous Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment
Benjamin Franklin	famous kite experiment
Nicolaus Copernicus	astronomy curriculum

⑶Warming up by talking about top honor for two Chinese scientists

Hello, everyone. Nice meeting you here. You are now a senior two student. Some of you will be a scientist in the future. But have you ever heard that Yuan Longping, director-general of the China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Centre in central China's Hunan Province and Bai Chunli, vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing were formally introduced to the academy on April 28, 2007 at a global meeting of US academy members and foreign associates.

●Yuan Longping, director-general of the China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Centre in Central China's Hunan Province and Bai Chunli, vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing were formally introduced to the academy last Saturday at a global meeting of US academy members and foreign associates.

Yuan, 77, dubbed the "father of hybrid rice" for his extraordinary contributions toward developing high-yield rice, is a household name in China.

With more than half of China's paddy fields growing Yuan's rice, his scientific breakthrough has fed millions of people in the world's most populous country.

His "super rice" has also been introduced to more than 20 other countries.

●Bai, 52, is considered to be a leading expert in China's molecular nanostructure and nanotechnology studies.

"I think the fast development of Chinese science has drawn increased attention from the US academy," Bai said in an interview with China Daily last year shortly after he was elected.

2. Pre-reading by sharing opinions on proving a new idea

Anybody might come out with a new idea. But how do we prove it in scientific research? How many stages are there in examining a new idea in scientific research? What are they?

Now look at the blackboard to learn about the seven stages put in an order.

Find a problem→ Make up a question→ Think of a method→ Collect results→

Analyse the results→ Draw a conclusion→ Repeat if necessary

Could you give an example to illustrate the seven stages?

3. Reading

⑴Listening and reading aloud

To know more about scientific research, turn to page 2 and read aloud the article. Try at the same time to locate the information to complete the form below.

Who	When	What	How	Result
John Snow	1854	helping ordinary people exposed to cholera	Examining the source of all water supplies and finding new methods of dealing with polluted waster	“King Cholera”defeated

⑵Reading and underlining

Now you are asked to go over the text the second time, looking for the expressions within the passage and underlining them at the same time. After class copy them into your Expression Notebook and write a short passage of your own making use of the expressions.

Expressions from JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”

ease the birth of…, become inspired, find the cause, multiply in the air, without reason, a cloud of gas, float around…, find one’s victims, absorb… into… with the meals, attack the body, test the theories, spread through…, gather the information, mark…on the map, give a clue about…, drink water from…, …be to blame, remove…from…, slow down, be spread by…, in addition, be linked to…, move away from…, deliver…from…to…, die of…, with certainty, prevent…from…, deal with…, instruct…to

⑶Reading to finish the table below

Read the text again to decide on the type of writing and summary of JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”.

Type of writing	This is a piece of narrative writing.
Main idea of the passage	It tells about John Snow and his fight against “King Cholera”.
Topic sentence of 1^st paragraph	John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
Topic sentence of 2^nd paragraph	He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Topic sentence of 3rd paragraph	He believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct.
Topic sentence of 4th paragraph	He looked into the sources of the water.
Topic sentence of 5th paragraph	John Snow had shown that cholera was spread by germs.
Topic sentence of 6th paragraph	Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.

⑷Making a diagram of the text JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”

⑸Retelling the text in your own words with the help of the diagram above

Retelling can be useful, for it both strengthen ones’ learning of the vocabulary, the structure, and gives one a wonderful chance to practice speaking English.

4. Closing down by taking a quiz

To end this first period, we shall take a quiz.

Fill in the blank with one word to complete the summary of the text.

John Snow was born 1_____ a labourer's family on 15 March 1813 in York and 2 _____ 14 was sent to work for a surgeon. In 1836 he 3 _____ to London to start his formal medical 4 _____. He became a member 5 _____ the Royal College of Surgeons in 1838, 6 _____ from the University of London in 1844 and 7 _____ accepted to the Royal College of Physicians 8 _____ 1850.

At the time, it was thought 9 _____ cholera was airborne. However, Snow 10 _____ not accept this 'miasma' (bad air) theory, 11 _____ that in fact it entered the body 12 _____ the mouth. He published his ideas 13 _____ an essay 'On the Mode of Communication of Cholera' 14 _____ 1849. A few years later, Snow was able 15 _____ prove his theory. In August 1854 16 _____ cholera outbreak occurred in Soho. After 17 _____ investigation, including plotting cases of cholera 18 _____ a map of the area, Snow was able 19 _____ set a water pump in Broad (now Broadwick) Street as 20 _____ source of the disease. He had the handle 21 _____ the pump removed, and cases of cholera 22 _____ began to disappear. 23 _____, Snow's 'germ' theory of disease was not widely accepted 24 _____ the 1860s. Snow died of a stroke 25 _____ 16 June 1858.

(Keys: 1 into 2 at 3 moved 4 education 5 of 6 graduated 7 was 8 in 9 that 10 did 11 arguing 12 through 13 in 14 in 15 to 16 a 17 careful 18 on 19 to 20 the 21 of 22 immediately 23 However 24 until 25 on)

Answer the following questions.

1. What is cholera?

Cholera is a bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract.

2. Who gets cholera?

While cholera is a rare disease in China, those who may be at risk include people traveling to foreign countries.

3. How is the germ spread?

The cholera germ is passed in the stools.

4. What are the symptoms of cholera?

People exposed to cholera may experience mild to severe diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration.

5. How soon do symptoms appear?

The symptoms may appear from a few hours to five days after exposure.

6.What is the treatment for cholera?

Because of the rapid dehydration that may result from severe diarrhea, replacement of fluids by mouth or by the intravenous route is critical.

7. Is there a vaccine for cholera?

A vaccine is available and is sometimes recommended for travelers to certain foreign countries where cholera is occurring.

8. How can cholera be prevented?

The single most important preventive measure is to avoid consuming uncooked foods or water in foreign countries where cholera occurs unless they are known to be safe or have been properly treated.

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