发布者：邓春芳 所属单位：廉江市第一中学 发布时间：2019-05-12 浏览数( -) 【推荐】 【举报】
名词性从句考点归纳
1. 引导词
2. 语序问题
3. 时态问题
4. 主谓一致问题
5. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气
6. it做形式主语、形式宾语的用法
7. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
一、名词性从句的引导词
（一）that
(1)从属连词：that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。
(2)连接代词: who(ever),whom(ever),what(ever),whose(ever), which(ever)
既起连接作用，本身又在从句中做成分(主，宾，表，定)
(3)连接副词：when,where,why,how,how many,how much
＊既起连接作用，本身又在从句中做状语。
从属连词that本身无意义，在名词性从句中不作句子成分，只起连接作用。
1、宾语从句
Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
规则一：
1.当宾语从句由连词that引导，that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：
（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；
（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句, that不可省掉。
温馨提示：
在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。
v I’m sorry (that) I don’t know .
v We’re sure (that) our team will win .
v I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam .
1.____________________ is certain.（我们将迟到了）
2. ________________________ is a pity.(你错过了这次机会)
3.My dream is _____________________________(我将来有我自己的公司)
4. I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message
__________________________________________(他今天下午不能来看你了)
规则二：
当主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句由连词that引导时，that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，但是不可以省略。
(二)whether，if
1. I asked her ____________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about _________ he is safe.
3. I don’t know _________ he is well or not.
4. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
5. I don’t know __________ to go.
6. ________ the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
7.__________ he is free now is certain .
8.The problem is ___________ we can get there on time.
9.He must answer the question __________ he agrees to it or not.
规则：
1.宾语从句由连词whether或if引导，表 “是否”，常可互换，不能省略。
2. if/whether的区别：
1)当有or not时就用whether,不用if.
2)介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.
3)whether 可与动词不定式连用，if 不能。
4)主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中, 只能用whether,不能用if.
(三)、what
1.______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
2. He is no longer _____ he was.
3. A modern city has been set up in _____was a wasteland ten years ago.
4. After ______ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
5. Our income is now double ______ it was ten years ago.
6. Do you know ______ he said just now?
规则：
what引导名词性从句，除了表示“什么”，还可以表示：
表示“……的东西或事情”；
“……的人或的样子” （身份或地位）
…的地方
…的时间
…的数量或数目
Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see______ it is.
任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。
_________________________ought to turn off the light.
他的问题是哪个学生英语最好。
His question is ____________________ at English
哪个最喜欢就拿哪个。Take ________________
Could you show me _____ I can reach the station?我们就是这样克服困难的.
That was ____ we overcame the difficulties
I have no idea ______ he has gone.
这就是我不同意的地方. This is _______ I disagree .
这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.
This is _____ she got up so early this morning.
_____ he didn’t come is still unknown to us.
__________________________is under discussion
我们什么时候开始开会……
Many students say that their time at university is ______ they can experience pure love.
规则：
Wh-引导表语从句时，它们通常不含有疑问意义，而是分别体现具体的地点、时间、原因和方式。
二、名词性从句的语序
名词性从句中，除了连接词要提到句首之外，一律要用陈述句语序。
His brother asks _________________ the library .
……他什么时候去图书馆
I don’t know what is the matter \the trouble\wrong with him.
三、名词性从句的时态
1. He said that he will go to the station.
2. Our physics teacher once told us that light __________ （ travel ） faster than sound.
3. Tom says that Mary ____ (go) abroad last year and_________ (be) there for nearly 5 months.
归纳：a.主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态
b.主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等 ，从句谓语动词用一般现在时
c.主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态
四、名词性从句的主谓一致
When the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
When they will start and where they will go_____(be)still unknown.
When and where the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
归纳：单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_____形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_____形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_____形式。
五、名词性从句(主)的虚拟语气
It is ordered that he ___________(take) the examination.
It is strange that he _____ (tell) you this.
基本句型：It is +形容词、名词、过去分词+ that ... + (should) do
a. It is important (necessary, natural, strange, advisable etc)+that
b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc)+that
c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+that
名词性从句(宾)的虚拟语气
We suggested that the meeting ___________(put off)
The smile on his face suggested that he ______(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.
归纳：①表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist ．request、command、order后的从句谓语动词用__________________________
注意suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句按需要来选择时态
a. I wish I ______(know) the answer now.
b. I wish he __________(pass) the exam yesterday.
c. I wish I ________ (fly) to the moon in a few years.
归纳：对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时
对过去虚拟时，用had＋过去分词
对将来虚拟时，用would (might等)＋动词原形
名词性从句（表、同）的虚拟语气
1.His suggestion that you ___________ (try)once more sounds reasonable.
2. The order given by the commander was that they ________________ (not stop)until the commander allowed they to.
归纳：在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即________________________
六、名词性从句中it做形式宾语、形式主语
找出下列句子中的错误
1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.
2. That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeting.
归纳：当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句______，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可作形式宾语。
用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
It appears that… 似乎…
(4) It ＋be+ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
It is said that… 据说…
We think it important that we learn a foreign language.
We consider it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为： 6123结构
6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ；
1 指的是形式宾语it ；
2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词 ；
3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that 引导的宾语从句。
七、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
We expressed the hope that they had expected.
We expressed the hope that they would come to visitChinaagain.
The question who helped us out of difficulty remains to be answered.
The question which seems so strange remains to be answered.
1、同位语从句: 说明名词的内容, wh-表示疑问, that不做成分, 不能省略
2、定语从句: 说明名词的性质特征, wh-不表示疑问。引导词做句子成分, 做宾语可以省略
判断:定语从句or同位语从句
1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.
2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.
3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.
4.The news that we got last week is true.
5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.
表语从句
表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem
从属连词 (不作成分） | |
连接代词 （作成分） | |
连接副词 （作状语） |
The question is _____we can rely on him.
That’s _____we were in need of money at that time .
He looked ____he was going to cry .
That’s _____I was late .
1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do.
A. why B. what C. how D. that
2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
3 .That is ___ they separated.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when
同位语从句
1. 跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。
常用名词有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opinion等。Suggestion, suggest order demand wish等
2. 常用连词：that; when, where, why, how
3同位语从句多用that 引导，无意义，不可省。
e.g. 1.消息传来，拿破仑要来视察他的军队。
Word came that Napoleon would come and inspect his grand army.
2.问题是他如何做这件事的
It’s the question how he did it.
4.在have no idea之后用wh-引导同位语从句
I have no idea where he has gone.
I have no idea when he did it.
I have no idea what he did.
1.Two thirds of all girls inBritainare on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.