高考英语定语从句与易混句型

----高考考点归纳的教学设计

                 

考纲解读：近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和从句等的综合考查越来越多，有些句型形式很相似，且答案不一，令学生费解。然而万变不离其宗，只要考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力，仔细审视，辨认结构，结合句意，此类题目则会迎刃而解。

教学内容：定语从句与易混句型

教学重、难点：定语从句与类似句型结构的辨析

                               教学过程

Step 1  lead in （revision）

轻松一刻：你如何给“成功”、“银行家”这些词下定义呢？

A successful man is one who makes more money than his wife can spend.

A successful woman is one who can find such a man.

A banker is a fellow who lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining, but wants it back the minute it begins to rain.

Step 2. 真题演练 （2010年广东高考语法填空）

A young man,while traveling through a desert，csme across a spring of clear water.The water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder ____ had been his teacher .After a four-day journey, the young man presented the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled warmly, and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The young man went home with a happy heart.

After the student left, the teacher let another student taste the water. He spit it out, saying it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,” Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like       ?”

      The teacher replied,” You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be sweeter.”

      We understand this lesson best ______ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.

Step 3  Grammar learning

1. 句子拓展

The baby is Jack.

The baby______________________ is Jack.

I know the baby __________________       

解题点拨1 :

　                                                             是区分定语从句和简单句的关键。

活学活用：用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。

The mother told the lazy boy to work, ________ didn't help．

The mother told the lazy boy to work. ______ didn't help．

2. 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。

①Mr. Li has three daughters, none of ______ is an engineer．

②Mr. Li has three daughters, but none of _____ is a dancer．

③Mr. Li has three daughters;  ________ are doctors．

解题点拨2 :

       当句子有and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接

时，                   这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。

3. Exercises ang discovering:

1) The news  _____our volleyball team won the match made us excited.

2) The news __________he told me yesterday is exciting.

解题点拨3 :定语语从句， that________

          同位语从句中， that___________

 归纳拓展: 对比训练

The city is no longer a place _____ it used to be.

The city is no longer _____it used to be.

_____ is known to us all, paper was first made in China.

_____ is known to us all that paper was first made inChina.

4. Exercises ang discovering:

a. It is in this room ______I lived last year.

b. It is the room _______I lived last year.

解题点拨 :

去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立, 是 

                     _________

Step4  summary

Step5  Exercises:  能力提升

一．近几年高考语法填空演练

1.(2008广东) He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ___  he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.

2.(2009广东) Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display.

3.(2008广东 )One day, he came up with an idea _____ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.

4. (2012) 广东Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _______ made her feel like a star.

5. ( 2010广东)However, you can have great power over _____ happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. 

6. (2010韶关二模)It was not until 1840   39   the official organization known as the Penny Post was established in Great Britain and gave ordinary people cheap and efficient postal deliveries.

二．基础写作：（语篇理解及运用）

小悦悦事件

事情发生于2011年10月13日广东省，一名两岁小女孩被车子两次碾轧(run over)，来往的十余个路人对此漠视(ignore)。这一事件引起了很大关注。

这个悲剧(tragedy)警示着我们，人们也正是在这起悲剧中更多的思考道德(morality) 问题。我们每一个人，都可能成为小悦悦身边的“路人”，从小悦悦悲剧里，我们应学会放弃冷漠(indifference)。正如人们常说的，有爱就有希望。

写作要求）

（1）必须使用5个句子表达全部的内容。

（2）将5个句子组成连贯的短文

From  the newapaper, we learned about the news                          .

 (事情发生于2011年10月13日). The two-year-old girl                     (小女孩被车子两次碾轧(run over)       was ignored by nearly 20 passers-by in Guangdong Province. The tragedy was  so sad                       (以致很多人开始更多的思考道德(morality) 问题 ) that warns us to attract a lot of attention. Afer all, everyone of us can become a possible passer-by of Xiao Yueyue, and we should  learn  to  abandon   indifference.                                        (众所周知）there are hopes where there is love and the love we give away is the only love we keep我们付出的爱是我们唯一长久拥有的爱）。

Step6  Homework

广东高考基础写作作文范例赏析

示例 1: 专家给分: 5 分

The friting was the work for life in beginning but is was the sport in the 19s. The friting was became the Olympic sport on first in 1896. But it was so sad about that it was stop in 1904 - 1928.and just go back to Olympics in 1932. The frist was just the man join in before and the women join in the friting in Olympic on first in 1968. The friting is growed up well and quickly in Olympics, because there just three point in friting Olympics in 1896 but there have 17 point in it now.

给分理由: 包括了小部分内容; 语法和句子结构基本不够准确, 语法结构或词汇方面的错误较多, 而且影响了对句子意义的理解。

示例 2: 专家给分: 9 分

Shotting, just a kind of living instructment  in the beginning, became a sport until the late 1900s. In 1896, it became a part of Olympics Games, However, it had been stop since 1904 and came back to the Olympics until 1932. The 1968 Olympics is the frist time that allowed women took part in shotting. Nowadays, it develops fastily and has 14 more kinds of shotting than the frist time.

给分理由: 包括了所有信息内容; 语言运用能力一般, 语法和句子结构基本准确, 语法结构或词汇方面的错误不影响理解; 内容连贯性比较好, 而且结构比较紧凑。整段文字单词拼写错误有 4 个: shotting(shooting) , instructment (instrument), frist (first), fastily(fast) 等。短语用错有: in the beginning (at the beginning) not ...until...等。时态语态错有: it has been stop. The 1968 Olympics is the frist time...等。定这篇作文为及格分, 主要是这篇作文能用英语简单句和并列句的基本句型去写句子。

示例 3：专家给分: 14 分

Shooting was originally a tool of people’s survival, which developed into a sports event at the end of nineteenth century .It made its first appearance in the 1896 Olympics, but was paused in 1904 and 1928. Fortunately, shooting was back to the Olympic stage in 1932. It was  in  1968  that women were allowed to join in the shooting competition for the first time. Developing at a stable pace, shooting is now expanded to have 17 events altogether, from merely three events in the 1896 Olympics.

给分理由:句式灵活， 使用简单句、并列句和复合句,在规定的句数内包括了所有信息内容; ,具有很好的语言运用能力 (originally,., made its first appearance, it was...that.等), 合理地使用了连词,保证了句与句之间的紧密衔接，只有少许错误 (shooting is now expanded to have 17 events altogether); 内容连贯, 而且结构紧凑与简洁。