短文改错第一轮复习

The First Round Review

—— Proof Reading （correcting mistakes）

中山市龙山中学    周淑涵

Teaching aims

1. To review the skills of Proof Reading.

2. To develop the students’ ability of distinguishing grammar mistakes.

Teaching key points

To enable the Ss to be familiar with different kinds of grammar principles.

Teaching difficult points

How to find ten kinds of mistakes in proof reading.

Teaching procedures

Step 1 lead-in Correct student’s writing

Dear Lucy,

I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home the next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival, that is the day for the old people in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cake with the elder there. We’ll also spent some fun time together singing, dancing and play games, which we hope will make it happy. We should return back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know or we’ll wait to you at the gate at 9 inthe morning.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours

Li Hua

Step 2 Step and Techniques of proof reading

先读文，后读句；

动词形，名词数；

还要注意形和副；

非谓语，细辨别；

冠词连词常光顾

习惯用法要记住；

句子成分多分析；

逻辑关系须关注。

Step 3 Different kinds of mistakes

1.       动词形

When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy again, my father said, “That’s it. No more toys to you.”

(2012课标全国卷)

Tea inChinawas traditionally drank from cups without handles.        (2013课标全国卷II)

Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught.       (2013陕西卷)

2. 名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。

1) He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years.

                                                               (2013课标全国卷I)

2) When tea got popular inBritain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.                                                       (2013课标全国卷II)

3. 注意形和副

1) I am awfully tiring, but I know I’ll never fall sleep.                    (2013浙江卷)

2) After waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently.    (2013陕西卷)

3) Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two weeks.                                                      (2012浙江卷)

4）I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and litter aggressive.     (2012课标全国卷)

4. 非谓语，细辨别；

1）I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.          (2011课标全国卷)

2）Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner…(2013课标全国卷II)

3）I’m looking forward to see you soon.                              

4）We were made work day and night in the factory.

5. 冠词的错误a/an/the误用

1）The elderly lady was in tears and gave me warm handshake.

2) As a result, nobody knew truth.

3) Don’t forget to bring a umbrella with you.

4) He eventually disappeared out of the sight.

6. 代词格，细领悟

1）“That was very nice of you, Mother. But I didn’t think she looked like Grandma.”

2) If possible, you can devote what you save to those who need our help.

3) Then she bent down and picked up to look at the price on it.

4) Some countries are in favor of the issue, but others countries are against it.

7. 习惯用法要记住

1）It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and…  

2）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. 

3）There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.

4) My parents have already prepared for a room with things you need for you.

8. 句子成分多分析

1）As an exchange student, I eager to know more about your culture.

2) That’s the hotel which we were staying last summer.

3) That’s the palace where we visited last summer.

9. 逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，

1. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.                

2. Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraged, my teacher and classmates would help me figure out how I could have avoided it.

除了上述错误类型外，常考的逻辑错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：

1. She was smiling but nodding at me.                                              

2. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.          

3. We may be one family and live under a same roof.          

Step 4 Exercise and Discussion

Part A单句改错集锦（谓语动词篇）

1.       Some students thought using mobile phone is bad for their study.

2.       I knew that they will be worried about me because I was so far away.

3.       Would you pleas repeat it, sir? I am not listening.

4.       It was turned out to be her own cup, which she’d left on the shelf by mistake.

5.       I was sent my mother a bunch of flowers.

6.       Many a student have joined the club. (语法一致)

7.       Chinese food are loved by more and more foreigners. (不可数名词作主语,语法一致)

8.       Two-thrds of the work have been finished. (百分数/分数+of+名词，谓语单复数由名词决定)

9.       He not only came to see me but also tell me the news. (not only…but also，就近一致原则)

10.   Either the students or the teacher know the truth. （either…or，就近一致原则）

11.   There are an apple and two bananas on the table. (There be句型，谓语与最靠近的名词一致)

12.   Henry, rather than Jane and John, are responsible for the loss. (意义一致)

Part B单句改错集锦（非谓语动词篇）

1. She is busy all day, cooking for us, wash our clothes and also teaching us to do our homework, yet without complaining.

2. At the beginning, I always kept silent in oral class to avoid make mistakes.

3. Then I can spend four weeks take a summer course, hoping it will help me improve my future studies.

4. I noticed mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman and a young couple.

5. I have many friends really worth mentioned, but my best friend is Li Mei.

6. Nowadays we are requiring to do research work apart from the lessons we learn in school.

7. I was at a busy crossed waited for the lights to turn green.

8. You’d better not to miss the chance to go abroad.

9. She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor’s house.

10. Do you know what makes things to move?

11. My sister, three years my junior, will be facing with her entrance examination to senior high school.

Part C 单句改错集锦（形容词/副词篇）

1. Imagine how surprising I was the other day when she told me that thing.

2. It’s amazed that you can be surrounded by people and still be lonely.

3. she’s waited patient for me to call about lunch plans.

4. In the afternoon there was a strongly wind and she sent me a message asking me to bring her clothes.

5. We feel very much honoring to invite you to take part in our trip toXi’an.

6. The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister.

7. The more difficult the problem is, the much careful we should be.

8. I spend little time with my family than I used to.

9. The police went to the taller building inNew York.

Part D 单句改错集锦（冠词篇）

1. For centuries, Christopher Columbus was supposed to have been the first European to cross anAtlantic.

2. Why not go by a taxi? It’s too crowded on the bus.

3. She looked me in an eye and told me her secret.

4. Do you notice that an “u” is missing in the word?

5. He was a last to leave the building.

6. Are you fond of playing the golf?

7. When I was a boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate a Spring Festival.

8. The house which was on the fire last night belonged to him.

Part 5 Homework

Dear Mr. Li,

I am very glad to be guest of your family. Thank for accepting me.

As an exchange student, I am eagerly to know more about your culture. And I thought the best way to achieve the goal is to stay with my family. That’s because I choose home-stay. What’s more, I love Chinese dishes, which plays an important part in Chinese culture. Also, home-stay will give me more chances to making Chinese friends.

I will be in your home the next month. Can you prepare me a separately room?

Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes!

 Yours,

Mike