读写任务摘要写作教学案例

第一步、写作前：

要求学生思考以下引导性问题：

•    按体裁分类：

•    记叙文：记叙一件什么事或是一个什么人？

•    议论文：论点是什么，又通过什么来论证？

•    说明文：说明什么道理或是什么现象？

A. 找中心句（若没有中心句，找中心词，用中心词重建中心句）

B. 定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时；

C. 定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作。（特殊如书信的，可能会使用第一、二人称；）

D.对中心句重新组句。

（1）引导性问题的提出。考虑到可能有些学生的思维不够开阔，提出了一些引导性的问题。

（2）通过提出问题，起到了抛砖引玉的作用，学生们开始变得活跃起来。

 

第二步、技巧点拨与提升（学习如何重新组句）

•    小组讨论，确定自己的观点。这不仅可以使尽可能多的学生投入到课堂中来，鼓励他们发表自己的观点，还对他们的口头表达能起到一定的训练作用，同时小组自己的合作意识也会得到极大的开发：How to rewrite the sentences based on the key sentences?

•    同义替换法

•    正话反说法

•    词性转换法

•    词序改变法

•    句式变化法

•    连词衔接法but, and, so, while, however, then, yet, for, therefore, thus, including, instead of

1、观察：

To practice how to rewrite the sentences based on the key sentences.

1)同义替换法

I didn’t catch any fish owing to the fact that I was not patient.

I didn’t catch any fish because I was not patient.

2)正话反说法

You will fail. = You will not succeed .

3)词性转换法

Patience is very important.

Patience is of great importance.

4)句式变化法

语态变换：Parents should give children more praise.

→Children should be given more praise.

简单句变复合句：

Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster.

Children should be encouraged more, which will help them learn faster..

5)连词衔接法

We should encourage children. We should not scold them.

We should encourage children instead of scolding them.

6)词序改变法

   A student of husband wrote a letter to him, and thanked for my husband’ encouragement.

 A retired teacher received a letter from one of his students, in the letter, his students thanked for his encouragement.

 

2、运用以上方法，概括下列小短文。

1 If you want to get along well with your parents, please follow these tips:

1) Make time to talk. You could talk about your school life and your plans for the future.

2).Keep a diary. It can help you understand more about yourself and your feelings.

3). Show your parents you are growing up. Wash your own clothes and help around the house.

中心句(词)：________________________________________

时态: ___________   人称:_________

运用以上技巧重新组句，Summary:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Sometimes, kids don’t think their parents are fair to them. To the same thing, there are different ideas between parents and children. When kids want to dress in a modern way, their mum doesn’t like them to wear a mini-skirt. When kids are making phone calls to friends, they ask whether kids are speaking to a boy or a girl.

中心句（词）：_______________________________________

时态: ___________   人称:_________

运用以上技巧重新组句，Summary:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly and said “You use too much salt on your food, Paul. It’s not at all good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned(皱眉), “Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful…like eating wood or sand…just imagine bread without salt in it!”

中心句（词）：_______________________________________

时态: ___________   人称:_________

运用以上技巧重新组句，Summary:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek, and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation. She thought that it could improve her English.

中心句：__________________________________________

时态: ___________   人称:_________

运用以上技巧重新组句，Summary:

 

 

Key sentences

第三步、展示真题，分析提升

　

2012年广东高考英语读写任务 

My husband received a letter a month ago from a young woman who had been his student when she was in middle school. She was writing because she wanted to thank him for having a great influence on her life. 

删除细节,只保留主要观点

举例说明

In the letter she wrote, “You were the teacher who helped me discover my talent for math. Before you came to teach us, I had been terribly poor at math, and had never thought that I would be interested in it. To my surprise, you magically showed me the beauty of math. I guess that was the turning point of my attitude towards it. Gradually my interest in it began to grow. Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in the university. Today I am working as an accountant atValleyMedicalCenterinCalifornia. You played an important part. Thank you!” 

What a wonderful gift to a retired teacher! My husband has received many letters from students over the years. This one was special, for it arrived at this time in his life when he is in very poor health

 

 

阅读文体裁：记叙文

连词衔接法

词序改变法

记叙了一件什么事（可在原文中找出中心句）：My husband received a letter a month ago from a young woman who had been his student when she was in middle school. She was writing because she wanted to thank him for having a great influence on her life. 

同义替换法

中心句结合材料进行概括：

A retired teacher in poor health received a thanking letter from

句式变化法

one of his students, to whom she attributed her success and expressed her gratitude.

 

第四步、 学以致用，篇章练习:

Harland was only 5 years old when his father died. At the age of 14, he quit school and started working on farms. At 16, he lied about his age and jioned the US Army. After serving only one year as a soldier, he left and tried becoming a metal worker but he failed. Finally, Harland got a job working on a locomotive(火车头) and liked it. He thought he had finally found his place in life.

Harland married at 18. However, within months he was fired from his job and his wife left him. Over the next years, Harland had many different jobs. However, it seemed that Harland was just born to be a loser! Finally, he became a cook and dishwasher at a restaurant, but he was forced to retire because he was too old.

At the age of 65, Harland’s first retirement check came from the government. It was so small that he was very angry. At that moment. He decided to use that small retirement check to start a new business. Today, Harland’s busness expanded to all over the world! Can you guess what the new business was which Harland started at the age of 65 with his first retirement check? Kentucky Fried Chicken, KFC.

1.阅读文体裁：______________

2.记叙了一件什么事

3. 找中心句(在原文中找中心句,若不可以，就找中心词，用中心词组建中心句）_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. 人称: ____________

5. 时态：____________

运用以上技巧重新组句，Summary:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：

 

1) 找出中心句或中心词，删除细节，只保留主要观点。

2) 定人称（第三人称，书写则第一、第二人称）、

3）定时态。

4）避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

 

第五步、相互修改

修改本身就是提高作文质量的有效环节，在修改作文的过程当中，有些学生会有新的思路，他们自身的语言知识得以巩固，写作技能也在逐步上升。

 

第六步、点评

本课时主要针对学生在读写任务写作中的摘要写作的一节提升课，指导学生在找到了中心句或中心词并重新组成了中心句后运用各种技巧写一个好的摘要。本节课中，学生能对题目进行正确，较全面的分析和欣赏，并积累自己的写作表达习惯，在写概要时，分析阅读文体裁，按各体裁的固有特点，抓住文章各段落的关键信息，把摘要合乎逻辑地进行归纳概括。